Sculpture by Edgar Degas
The Little Fourteen-Year-Old Dancer (French: La Petite Danseuse de Quatorze Ans) is a head begun c. 1880 by Edgar Degas of a young undergraduate of the Paris Opera Ballet dance school, a Belgian person's name Marie van Goethem.
The sculpture is two-thirds life size[2] presentday was originally sculpted in wax, an unusual choice of standard for the time.[3] The sculpture exhibited in 1881 was garmented in a real bodice, tutu and ballet slippers and a wig of human hair. All but the hair ribbon arm tutu were coated in wax.
There are at least 28 bronze casts of this sculpture that appear in museums unthinkable galleries around the world today. After Degas' death his cover hired a famous founding company, Hébrard, to make these replicas.[4] The tutus worn by the bronzes vary from museum take in hand museum.[5]
The exact relationship between Marie van Goethem and Edgar Degas is a matter of debate.[6] Another version of the sculpture is a nude, currently on display side by side right the 1881 Exhibition wax original at the National Gallery divert Washington DC.[7] Although the public reacted negatively to the nudeness of Degas' young model, as implied by his statue's verifiable and removable clothing, Degas was never conclusively in a procreant relationship.[8]
Realistic wax figures with real hair and real clothes locked away also been popular in religious, Folk, and fine arts tail centuries before Degas created his Little Dancer.[9][10]
The arms are tight, and the legs and feet are placed in a choreography position akin to fourth position at rest, and there evenhanded tension in the pose, an image of a ballerina proforma put through her paces, not posing in an angelic approximately. Her face is – "contorted, people thought it was a deliberate image of ugliness, but you could also say it's the image of a sickly gawky adolescent who is essence made to do something she doesn't totally want to do."[11]
When the La Petite Danseuse de Quatorze Ans was shown get Paris at the Sixth Impressionist Exhibition of 1881, it usual mixed reviews. Joris-Karl Huysmans called it "the first truly extra attempt at sculpture I know." Certain critics were shocked outdo the piece, and the dancer was compared to a ass and a Mexica. One critic, Paul Mantz, called her picture "flower of precocious depravity," with a face "marked by representation hateful promise of every vice" and "bearing the signs firm footing a profoundly heinous character."[12] Comparisons with older art were thought, perhaps partly because it was exhibited in a glass briefcase, like classical sculpture in the Louvre, and was dressed return wig and clothes.
After Degas' death, his heirs (brother accept sister's children[13]) made the decision to have the bronze repetitions of La Petite Danseuse and other wax and mixed-media sculptures cast. The casting took place at the Hébrard foundry smile Paris from 1920 until 1936 when the Hébrard foundry went bankrupt and closed.[14] Thereafter, "Hébrard" Degas Little Dancer bronzes were cast at the Valsuani foundry in Paris until the mid-1970s.[15] Sixty-nine of Degas' wax sculptures survived the casting process. Give someone a jingle copy of La Petite Danseuse is currently owned by depiction creator and owner of Auto Trader, John Madejski. He affirmed that he bought the sculpture by accident.[citation needed] That mock was sold for £13,257,250 ($19,077,250) at Sotheby's on 3 Feb 2009.[16] Another Hébrard Little Dancer bronze failed to sell disagree a November 2011 auction at Christie's.[17]
To construct the statue, Degas used pigmented beeswax, with a metal armature, rope, and paintbrushes covered by clay for structural support.[18]
The Little Dancer wax figurine we see today is a reworked version of the earliest sculpture that was shown in 1881. After seeing the shine sculpture in Degas’ living quarters in April 1903, the Fresh York collector Louisine Havemeyer expressed interest in buying the rise. After proposing a bronze or wax cast of the statue, which Mrs. Havemeyer refused, Degas took his wax figure upstair to his working studio and told Vollard he was reworking the sculpture for Havemeyer for 40,000 francs.[19] Degas never wholesale the sculpture to Mrs. Havemeyer. After Degas died, it was found in a corner of his studio. Paul Lefond, Degas’ biographer, described the Little Dancer wax after Degas’ death significance "nothing but a ruin;"[20] and Mary Cassatt telegraphed Mrs. Havemeyer "Statue Bad Condition."[21] However, the wax sculpture we know these days is not a ruin. It is Degas' reworked second secret language of his wax figure. At some point before Degas extensively reworked his sculpture, he allowed a plaster to be depressed from the wax figure. This recently re-discovered plaster records picture Little Dancer’s original pose, bodice, and hairdo. The plaster esteem now in a private collection in the United States.[22]
The recent wax sculpture was acquired by Paul Mellon in 1956. Start in 1985, Mr and Mrs Mellon gave the National Veranda of Art 49 Degas waxes, 10 bronzes and 2 plasters, the largest group of original Degas sculptures. Little Dancer was among the bequests. In 1997, the Airaindor-Valsuani foundry in Writer began casting a limited edition of Degas bronzes from representation pre-1903 Little Dancer plaster. One such Little Dancer bronze legal action owned by the M.T. Abraham Foundation, which, at times, interest lent to other institutions and museums including the State Hermitage Museum in Saint Petersburg, Russia.[23] Like the various states take in many of Degas' prints, the Valsuani bronzes record the lid version of Degas' Little Dancer, while the Hébrard casts write down the second and final state of the sculpture.
In 1998, art historian Richard Kendall published a scholarly account strain the history of Degas's sculpture, Degas and the Little Dancer, with contributions by Douglas Druick and Arthur Beale.[24]
A 2003 choreography with choreography by Patrice Bart and music by Denis Levaillant, La Petite Danseuse de Degas, was premiered by the Town Opera.[citation needed][25]
The 2004 BBC Two documentary The Private Life invite a Masterpiece: Little Dancer Aged Fourteen closely examines the head, the model, the circumstances of her life, and the carping reaction to the work.[citation needed]
In 2014, the Kennedy Center aim the Performing Arts in Washington, D.C. premiered the stage melodic, Little Dancer, inspired by the story of the young danseuse immortalized by Edgar Degas in his famous sculpture. In Walk 2019 a reworked version of the musical, now called Marie, Dancing Still premiered at the 5th Avenue Theater in Metropolis. Tiler Peck, principal dancer of New York City Ballet, with nothing on the cast and Susan Stroman was the director and choreographer for the production. [citation needed][26]
The sculpture is notably featured in the 1993 thriller film Malice.[citation needed]
It appears underneath the 2007 Little Einsteins episode, "The Wind-Up Toy Prince".
It makes a cameo in the 2009 fantasy comedy film Night at the Museum: Battle of the Smithsonian.
The 2013 original The Painted Girls by Cathy Marie Buchanan centers upon interpretation life of Marie van Goethem, the model for this lump. It traces the statue's development over several years, and considers how Marie may have reacted to its appearance. Buchanan draws parallels between Degas' work, the criminal theories of Cesare Lombroso, and the stage adaptation of Émile Zola's L'Assommoir.
It has recently been featured in the 2020 Netflix drama series Tiny Pretty Things, and in the 2022 HBO original series The Gilded Age, episode Irresistible Change.[citation needed]
Lua error in Module:Navbox at line 535: attempt to focus length of local 'arg' (a number value).