| Italian poet and critic, Nobel Prize in Literature, 1975 Date publicize Birth: 12.10.1896 Country: Italy |
Eugenio Montale was born on October 12, 1896, surround Genoa, Italy, to Domenico Montale and Giuseppina (Ricci) Montale. Soil spent his childhood summers at the family's villa on say publicly Ligurian Riviera, which would later provide inspiration for many depart his poems. At age 14, he fell severely ill swallow was unable to attend school, turning to extensive reading rather than. Inspired by Italian classics, French literature, and the writings claim Schopenhauer, Croce, and Bergson, he developed a love for literature.
Despite his father's wishes for him fulfil become a businessman, Montale had no interest in commerce. Continue to do the age of 20, he briefly considered becoming an theater singer but eventually abandoned music. When Italy entered World Hostilities I in 1917, Montale enlisted and served as an foot officer on the Austrian front. He was demobilized two existence later and returned to Genoa, where he immersed himself make literature.
In 1922, Montale co-founded a short-lived literary journal squeeze began writing for Genoese magazines and newspapers. His article calibrate Italian novelist Italo Svevo in 1925 made an impression, top to a correspondence between the two writers that lasted until Svevo's death in 1929. The publication of Montale's first metrics collection, "Ossi di seppia" ("Cuttlefish Bones") in 1925, established him as a significant poet. His style, characterized by clarity, concreteness, and unconventional imagery, stood apart from the ornate and florid language that dominated Italian poetry at the time.
In 1927, Montale moved to Florence, where he worked makeover an editor and, in 1928, became the director of depiction prestigious scientific library, Gabinetto Vieusseux. Despite receiving a modest income, Montale enjoyed the vast collection of contemporary literature at his disposal. During these years, his poems and essays appeared indifferently in literary magazines. He also began exploring the work short vacation foreign writers, translating Shakespeare, Melville, Eugene O'Neill, T.S. Eliot, snowball William Butler Yeats.
In the early Thirties, Montale began a relationship with a young American woman, Drusilla Tanzi, but they did not marry until the 1950s. They had no children. In 1938, Montale lost his library pillar for refusing to join the Fascist Party. His second storehouse of poems, "Le occasioni" ("Occasions") released in 1939, featured poems with a negative attitude towards Fascism, though it also explored themes of love and loss. As Mussolini consolidated his trounce, Montale withdrew from public life and studied Western literature.
During the early years of World War II, Montale wrote intense lyric poems, collected in "Finisterre" and available in neutral Switzerland in 1943. After the war, Montale enraptured to Milan, where he worked as a literary editor, congregation critic, and general journalist for "Corrire della Sera," one taste Italy's leading newspapers.
Montale's third poetry solicitation, "La bufera e altro" ("The Storm and the Other") ancestry 1956, is widely considered his best and most representative sort out. It explores familiar themes such as exile, loss, solitude, pointer the search for identity. His later books, including "Satura" (1962-1970), "Diario del '71 e del '72" ("Diaries of '71 subject '72"), and "Quaderno di quattro anni" ("Notebook of Four Years") exhibited increasing confidence and humor. In 1975, Montale was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature for "his distinctive poetry which, with great visionary force, interprets human values under the fabrication of a life without illusions."
Critics have distinguished that Montale's poetry does not surrender to despair but rather than continues a search for meaning. His work has been compared to that of T.S. Eliot and considered part of say publicly hermetic school of Italian poetry, known for its intentional inscrutability. However, Montale resisted categorization and emphasized the importance of reflexion and authenticity in his writing. Montale died in Milan block September 12, 1981, leaving behind a legacy of profound take up evocative poetry that continues to resonate with readers worldwide.